ACL Reconstruction

What Is the ACL?

The ACL, or anterior cruciate ligament, is one of the main ligaments that helps stabilize your knee. It connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia) and plays a critical role in supporting quick movements like pivoting, turning, or jumping. ACL injuries are especially common in athletes, but they can happen to anyone — even during everyday activities like slipping on ice or misstepping on stairs.

What Does an ACL Injury Feel Like?

Most ACL injuries happen suddenly. You might hear or feel a “pop” in your knee, followed by immediate swelling and a sense of instability. Many people report that their knee feels like it could give out when walking or putting weight on it. Pain may be intense at first and then settle into a dull ache, particularly during movement.

If you’re experiencing symptoms like swelling, knee weakness, or difficulty walking, it’s important to see a specialist. Left untreated, a torn ACL can lead to further damage, including meniscus tears or cartilage wear.

Common Causes of ACL Tears

ACL injuries typically happen during quick, athletic movements — especially when landing from a jump, changing direction rapidly, or coming to a sudden stop. Sports like soccer, basketball, football, and skiing often put athletes at higher risk.

However, you don’t have to be an athlete to tear your ACL. Poor balance, weak leg muscles, improper footwear, or even a misstep on uneven ground can contribute to an injury. Women are also statistically more likely to suffer ACL injuries, in part due to anatomical and hormonal differences.

How Is an ACL Injury Diagnosed?

At Orthopaedic Associates of Wisconsin, our knee specialists begin with a physical exam to evaluate knee stability, swelling, and range of motion. If an ACL tear is suspected, we typically order imaging tests such as an MRI to confirm the diagnosis and assess whether other structures in the knee — like the meniscus — are also affected. Getting an accurate diagnosis early helps us create the most effective treatment plan for your needs.

Do All ACL Tears Need Surgery?

Not necessarily. Some people with partial ACL tears or lower activity levels may be able to manage their symptoms with physical therapy and activity modifications. Bracing and strengthening the muscles around the knee can help improve stability in some cases.

However, full ACL tears do not heal on their own. If you want to return to sports, physically demanding work, or simply regain full confidence in your knee, ACL reconstruction surgery is often recommended.

What Happens During ACL Reconstruction?

ACL reconstruction surgery involves replacing the torn ligament with a graft — usually from your own hamstring or patellar tendon, or from a donor. The new tissue is secured in place to mimic the function of your original ligament. At OAW, our orthopaedic surgeons use advanced, minimally invasive techniques designed to support a smoother recovery and long-term knee health.

This outpatient procedure is performed under anesthesia and usually takes about 1–2 hours. Most patients go home the same day.

What Is Recovery Like?

Recovering from ACL surgery is a gradual process that takes time and commitment. Most people begin physical therapy shortly after surgery to regain motion and strength. Over the next few months, your therapist will guide you through a structured program tailored to your goals — whether that means returning to competitive sports or simply walking with confidence again.

You can expect to return to light activities after 3–4 months, with full return to sport typically around 6–9 months, depending on your progress and the demands of your activity.

When Should You See a Knee Specialist?

If you’ve had a knee injury and you’re feeling instability, swelling, or pain that doesn’t improve after a few days, don’t wait. Early diagnosis and the right treatment plan can prevent further damage and help you get back to your routine safely.

Request an Appointment

If you’re concerned about a knee injury or want to learn more about ACL reconstruction, our orthopaedic experts are here to help.
Request an appointment today with the knee specialists at Orthopaedic Associates of Wisconsin. Let’s work together to get you moving confidently again.