Herniated Disc and Disc Surgery

Understanding Herniated Discs and Their Impact on Daily Life

A herniated disc, sometimes called a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft inner material of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in the outer layer. This can pressure nearby nerves, leading to pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness, most commonly in the neck, lower back, or down the arms or legs. Herniated discs are a leading cause of sciatica, which causes radiating leg pain, and can also contribute to chronic neck or back stiffness, reduced mobility, or difficulty standing or sitting for long periods.

At Orthopaedic Associates of Wisconsin, our spine specialists diagnose and treat herniated discs using advanced imaging, targeted therapies, and, when necessary, disc surgery. We aim to restore spinal function, reduce pain, and help you return to the activities you enjoy with as little downtime as possible.

What Causes a Herniated Disc?

Herniated discs can result from sudden injury, such as improperly lifting a heavy object, or they may develop over time due to age-related disc degeneration. Risk factors include poor posture, repetitive strain, obesity, or a sedentary lifestyle. Most commonly, herniated discs occur in the lumbar spine (lower back) or cervical spine (neck) and can range in severity from mild discomfort to debilitating nerve pain.

Symptoms of a Herniated Disc

The symptoms vary depending on the location and severity of the disc herniation. Common signs include:

• Persistent lower back or neck pain

• Radiating pain into the arms, hands, legs, or feet

• Numbness or tingling in the extremities

• Muscle weakness in the arms or legs

• Pain that worsens with sitting, coughing, or bending

If symptoms persist longer than a few weeks or begin to interfere with daily activities, it’s time to consult a spine specialist.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Herniated Discs

Most patients find relief with conservative treatment. At Orthopaedic Associates of Wisconsin, we begin with non-surgical therapies such as:

• Physical therapy focused on strengthening and posture

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation around nerves

• Activity modifications and ergonomic adjustments

• Pain management strategies to improve daily comfort

These approaches reduce nerve compression and allow the disc to heal over time.

Disc Surgery: When Non-Surgical Care Isn’t Enough

For patients who do not respond to conservative treatments or those with worsening neurological symptoms, surgical intervention may be necessary. Our spine surgeons offer a range of surgical options based on the location and severity of your condition.

Common Disc Surgery Procedures Include:

• Microdiscectomy – removal of herniated disc material through a small incision

• Laminectomy – removal of part of the vertebral bone to relieve pressure

• Spinal Fusion – used when spinal stability is compromised

• Artificial Disc Replacement – replacement of the damaged disc with a synthetic one

We specialize in minimally invasive spine surgery, which uses smaller incisions, causes less muscle disruption, and leads to faster recovery times for many patients.

Personalized Spine Care from Diagnosis to Recovery

Our goal is to help you find lasting relief through individualized care. We use advanced imaging, on-site diagnostics, and collaborative treatment planning with pain management specialists, physical therapists, and board-certified spine surgeons. From your first appointment through surgery and rehab (if needed), we’re with you every step of the way.

When to Seek Help for a Herniated Disc

You should see a spine specialist if you have back or neck pain:

• Lasts longer than a few weeks

• Includes symptoms like tingling, numbness, or muscle weakness

• Affects your ability to walk, sleep, or work

• Doesn’t improve with over-the-counter care

Early diagnosis and treatment improve outcomes and can often prevent the need for more invasive surgery.

Get the Spine Care You Deserve

Orthopaedic Associates of Wisconsin offers expert spine care you can trust. If you’re struggling with symptoms of a herniated disc or considering disc surgery, schedule a consultation today. Our team is committed to helping you move without limits.