Ulnar Nerve Conditions

What Is the Ulnar Nerve?

The ulnar nerve is one of the three main nerves in the arm. It runs from your neck down to your hand, passing through a narrow tunnel at the elbow known as the cubital tunnel. It controls movement and sensation in the ring finger and pinky finger, as well as parts of the forearm.

Why the Ulnar Nerve Is Vulnerable

Because it travels through tight spaces near bones and joints, the ulnar nerve is especially prone to compression—most commonly at the elbow or wrist. This can lead to irritation, inflammation, and pain.

Common Ulnar Nerve Conditions

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

This condition occurs when the ulnar nerve is compressed at the elbow. It is the second most common nerve entrapment in the body after carpal tunnel syndrome.

Symptoms:

• Numbness and tingling in the ring and pinky fingers

• Weak grip or hand clumsiness

• Pain or aching on the inside of the elbow

• Symptoms that worsen when the elbow is bent for long periods

Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Wrist (Guyon’s Canal Syndrome)

Less common but still impactful, this condition involves compression of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the wrist.

Symptoms:

• Tingling in the ring and pinky fingers

• Weakness of hand muscles, especially in the fingers

• Difficulty with precision tasks (typing, writing, buttoning)

Diagnosing Ulnar Nerve Problems

Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam and may include:

• Nerve conduction studies to assess function

• Electromyography (EMG) to evaluate muscle response

• Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI, in complex cases

Ulnar Nerve Treatment Options

Nonsurgical Care

• Activity modification (avoiding prolonged elbow flexion)

• Bracing or splinting, especially at night

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Physical or occupational therapy

Surgical Treatment

When symptoms persist or worsen, ulnar nerve decompression or transposition surgery may be recommended. These procedures relieve pressure on the nerve and can prevent long-term damage.

When to See a Specialist

If you’re experiencing numbness, tingling, or weakness in your hand or fingers—especially if it interferes with your daily routine—it’s time to consult a specialist. Early treatment can prevent permanent nerve damage.