SLAP Repair Surgery

What Is a SLAP Tear?

The labrum is a ring of cartilage that lines the socket of your shoulder joint, helping to keep it stable. A SLAP tear involves damage to the top part of the labrum—where the biceps tendon attaches.

Common Causes of SLAP Tears:

• Repetitive overhead motion (e.g., throwing sports, swimming)

• Sudden trauma (e.g., a fall or shoulder dislocation)

• Heavy lifting or pulling

• Degeneration from aging

Symptoms of a SLAP Tear

If you have a SLAP tear, you might experience:

• A catching, locking, or popping sensation in the shoulder

• Pain during overhead activities

• Decreased shoulder strength

• A feeling of instability or looseness

• Deep, aching pain that doesn’t go away with rest

Diagnosis

SLAP tears are diagnosed through:

• Physical examination and symptom discussion

• Imaging tests, such as MRI with contrast

• Arthroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure that allows direct visualization (and often repair)

What Is SLAP Repair?

SLAP repair surgery involves using small instruments and a camera (arthroscopy) to reattach the torn labrum to the bone using sutures and small anchors.

Goals of the Procedure:

• Restore shoulder stability

• Relieve pain

• Return to normal activity levels

• Prevent future shoulder damage

Who Needs SLAP Repair?

SLAP repair may be recommended if:

• Conservative treatments (like rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatories) haven’t helped

• You’re under 40 and physically active

• The tear is causing instability or impeding daily activities

For older patients or those with certain types of tears, biceps tenodesis (a related procedure) may be considered instead.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery Timeline varies, but typically includes:

• Week 1–4: Arm in a sling; passive range of motion only

• Week 5–8: Begin active motion and light strengthening

• Month 3–6: Full strengthening, gradual return to sports or overhead work

Physical therapy plays a crucial role throughout recovery.

Risks and Success Rates

SLAP repair is generally safe, with low complication rates. However, as with any surgery, there are risks including:

• Stiffness

• Infection

• Re-tear

• Continued pain (especially in older patients)

Most patients regain near-normal shoulder function and experience significant pain relief.

When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist

If shoulder pain is limiting your lifestyle or not improving with conservative care, it’s time to seek expert evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent worsening damage and speed your return to the activities you love.